Truck frame
*The basis of the structure on which all components and assemblies are mounted.
*Spring beam (cross beam) - connects the side frames and takes the main load from the body.
*Side frame - carries the load from the wheel pairs, transfers the force to the spring beam.

Wheel pairs
*The axle of the wheel pair - the central element onto which the wheels are pressed.
*Wheels - can be solid or with removable tires.
*Bearings (axle assemblies) - ensure smooth rotation of the wheel pairs, transferring the load to the truck frame.

Spring suspension (shock absorption)
*Provides damping of vibrations and loads from road irregularities.

*Springs (springs) - steel springs or rubber-metal elements.
*Vibration dampers (hydraulic shock absorbers) – additionally reduce vibration.
*Friction wedges – transfer the load from the body to the springs and create additional damping.

Brake system
*Brake pads – press against the wheels to slow down movement.
*Brake cylinders – actuate the pads due to air pressure.
*Brake levers and rods – transmit force from the cylinders to the pads.
*Parking brake – a mechanical brake that holds the car in place when parked.

Traction and coupling elements of the bogie
*Central pivot – connects the bogie to the car body, allowing it to turn freely.
*Side sliders – ensure smooth turns of the bogie.
*Transverse movement limiters – prevent excessive body sway.

Additional elements
*Axle leashes – fix the wheelsets and direct their movement.
*Sandboxes – devices for supplying sand to the rails during braking (used in locomotives).
*Anti-friction inserts – reduce wear of moving joints.